Introduction: Due to the increasing collapse of the family system, researchers have focused on identifying the factors affecting the couple's adjustment that lead to family longevity. The aim of this study was to design and test a model of EGO-strength relationship and marital compatibility through mediation of EGO-CENTRISM and self-differentiation among couples in Shiraz city. Materials and Method: In this descriptive-analytical an study, statistical population included couples of Shiraz city, which 250 of them (125 females, 125 males) that were selected using available sampling method and completed EGO-strength(1975) and EGO-CENTRISM( 2011)and self-differentiation (2011) and Marital compatibility(1989) questionnaires. The data of the present study were performed using SPSS and AMOS software using structural equation method. Results: The results showed EGO-strength can affect positively marital adjustment both directly and indirectly through mediation of self-differentiation and EGO-CENTRISM. Conclusion: This model can play an important role in reducing marital conflicts due to its focus on individual factors in marital adjustment, so that 40% of marital adjustment can be explained by the variables in this model. Extended bstract Introduction One of the most important events in life is marriage. Marriage in today's society is mostly for reasons of love, affection, having a partner and meeting emotional and psychological expectations (1). One of the most important factors associated with adaptation and maturity is EGO-development (14, 13). EGO-development is very important to become an adult and to be able to function effectively in the family in adulthood (15). EGO-CENTRISM is one of the most important concepts in the field of social relations. (22) Believes that EGO-development is associated with a decrease in EGO-CENTRISM and an increase in self-differentiation, and one moves from dependence to independence from others. Perfect perfection moves,Thus, a person's personality goes from an incoherent organization that cannot distinguish between himself and others and is more self-centered to a cohesive organization that increases the distinction between self and others and decreases self-centeredness. Finally, the person succeeds in their relationships and the necessary social skills of adulthood, which is one of the most important relationships in this period of marital relationships. Another concept related to marital relationships. It is self-differentiation (32). Self-differentiation individuals feel free to experience deep emotions and have the ability to regulate their emotions. Self-differentiation improves social adjustment and improves social relationships, and the relationship between individuals, spouses, family functioning, and marital adjustment is related to the degree of differentiation (34, 35). Given the importance and fundamental role of couple adjustment in maintaining the psycho-social balance of the family and ultimately society, and given the many problems and issues that couples face, the need for planning is felt to solve the problems facing them. Therefore, based on what has been said, the purpose of this study is to design and test a model of EGO-strength relationship and marital compatibility through mediation of EGO-CENTRISM and self-differentiation among couples in Shiraz. Methods The method of this research is descriptive-correlational in which the relationship between variables is investigated through structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population was all couple in Shiraz who were selected by convenience sampling method. The number of sample people was selected based on view (38). He suggests that the number of participants in the research to test the structural equation model is 2. 5 to 7 times the number of items. Therefore, 250 participants (125 females and 125 males) were selected in the present study. SPSS and AMOS software were used to investigate the relationships between Pearson correlation coefficient variables and structural equation model. Findings In the present research model, marital compatibility was considered as an exogenous variable, EGO-CENTRISM variables between EGO-strength and self-differentiation were considered as mediating variables, and EGO-strength was considered as an endogenous variable. Self-differentiation (R = 0. 53) and EGO-strength (r = 0. 46), new imaginary (r =-0. 64), personal fable(r = 0. 35) have a significant correlation. To test the structural modeling assumptions, the results of initial data screening (review of missing data and review of outliers) are first examined. Then, the underlying assumptions of structural equation modeling (normality, linearity and linear alignment) are investigated. The values GFI, IFI, CFI for all three were 0. 99, which indicates a good fit of the model of this research. Shows the path coefficients. The results showed that 40% of the variance of marital compatibility is explained by the preceding variables GFI, IFI, CFI were 0. 84, 0. 88 and / 88, respectively, indicating poor fit of the original model. Which was accepted by correlating the error variances of the modified model. The amount of direct effects of variables in the modified model shows that it is significant at the level of 0. 001. The results showed that self-strength through self-CENTRISM and self-differentiation affect marital compatibility. In other words, for an increase score in elf-strength of 0. 42 units is added to marital compatibility, and this amount is in addition to the direct effect of self-strength on marital compatibility. Also, the indirect effect of strength on marital compatibility through self-differentiation was 0. 29 and self-strength on marital compatibility through self-CENTRISM was 0. 35. Thus, it shows that the role of the self-CENTRISM as a mediating variable of marital compatibility is more than self-differentiation. Discussion The purpose of this study was to model the relationship between self-strength and marital compatibility through its mediation between self-CENTRISM and self-differentiation. Showed that the proposed model had a good fit and predictor and mediator variables have a significant direct and indirect effect on marital compatibility. Findings show that people who are self-centered because they consider themselves the center of everything and this makes them unable to consider other people's views and face many problems in interpersonal relationships. So when there is an EGO-strong in a person, it causes the self-CENTRISM in the person to decrease and people can consider the opinions and desires of others, so they can adapt their different relationships, including marital relationships. The results showed that self-strength has a significant direct positive effect on self-differentiation. Therefore, it can be said that the EGO-stronger a person is, the easier it is for a person to be able to be independent of others, and the independent self also plays an important role in marital compatibility. Therefore, the result of this research is in line with the research of (32) and (35). To explain these results, it can be argued that a man and a woman who have a low level of self-differentiation have a limited capacity for intimacy and oneness when they get married due to less emotional maturity. But strong self-differentiation causes them to have a more flexible role and a more intimate relationship, and to accept each other's differences negatively and experience less emotional reaction (42). Conclusion The findings showed that self-strength is indirectly and meaningfully related to marital compatibility through self-CENTRISM and self-differentiation, so it can be considered that the designed model was modified and accepted with a few changes and in the sum of the variables of the previous variable, i. e. self-strength, can explain 40% of the variance of marital adjustment. Therefore, it is suggested that this model, considering that it attaches great importance to internal and personality-related variables and discusses the role of these factors more, can be independent of other environmental issues and only by emphasizing the enrichment of individual factors. Have a significant role in predicting marital compatibility. Because in many cases it is impossible to change environmental factors, especially in married life, so focusing on individual factors can be more important and significant in the current conditions of society. Therefore, this model can be a good guide for family therapists and Couple therapist in treatment and prevention. Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines All subjects answered the questionnaires with complete satisfaction Funding No funding. Authors' contributions Design and conceptualization: Akram Malekzadeh and Alireza Agha Yusufi Methodology and data analysis: Akram Malekzadeh and Alireza Agha Yusufi Supervision and final writing: Akram Malekzadeh Conflicts of interest The authors declared no conflict of interest.

This research using content analysis, studies the “filo CENTRISM in the stories of Iranian family magazines between years91 and”. Secondary objectives of this study included studying relationship between parental concerns about the future of children, parental conflict, instrumental attitude to parents, parents’ ignorance from their needs, parents and children’s different values with filo CENTRISM. In this regard these theoretical basics are used in this study: parental concerns about the future of children from Cooley and Stryker, parental conflict from Veblen and mothers traditional role from James theory, instrumental attitude to parents from Stryker and Veblen, parents’ ignorance from their needs from Veblen, parents and children’s different values from reference groups (Merton theory). This research is conducted in two parts: theoretical and practical. In terms of theory, the data gathered using the library and documents and in practical way using content analyze the data gathered through catEGOrization and taking notes from samples. According to research findings, filo CENTRISM has been promoted in stories of Iranian family magazines explicitly or implicitly. The main reasons of filo CENTRISM in these magazines are parental concerns about the future of children, parental conflict, instrumental attitude to parents, parents’ ignorance from their needs, parents and children’s different values.

Planning and policy - making have always been regarded as purposeful development methods for preparing spatial, national, and regional schemes among the experts. Planners and decision-makers always need new strategies for preparation and prediction of future events. Environmental complexities also create more challenges to the work of decision-makers. This survey is of analytic type, examining the qualities and processes of planning with critical perspectives based on mission-CENTRISM rather than project-CENTRISM. Despite 60 years of planning actions in Iran, these activities have not been coordinated and well –organized. Identifying macro plans and policies, five-year development plans lead to specific projects to meet some quantitative goals. This relates to project-orientation in executive departments, managerial defects, and attempts of the executives for representing nice statistics of their performance during their careers. Inconstancy of management periods in most cases causes the managers to resort to short-term and profitable plans, avoiding long-term plans with late profits. This study aimed to review some managerial issues in national planning and development projects in both micro and macro levels, referring to the challenges in this field. The findings of this study revealed that project - driven plans need to be replaced with mission - driven ones to reduce the damages to development plans of Iran which is applicable by providing macro plans and regional development.

Aims: Depression is one of the most common problems with various consequences in economic, social, psychological Fields. Thus, the present study aimed to Comparing the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy and quality of life therapy on selfcriticism and Depression patient with major depression. Methods: This study is a semi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest and follow-up control group design. The statistical population of this study comprises all patient with major depression who referred to counseling centers in Neyshabur during the first three months of 1398 SH (2018-2019) that 45 of these patient who were selected by available sampling and were randomly assigned into two experimental groups 1 and 2 (15 subjects) and one control group. The first experimental group underwent compassion-focused therapy, the second experimental group received quality of life therapy and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Data were collected using Gilbert selfcriticism Questionnaire and Beck Depression Questionnaire. For data analysis, repeated measures ANOVA was applied. Results: compassion-focused therapy and quality of life therapy improves self-criticism and depression patient with major depression. Also, the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy in reducing these psychological problems is more than quality of life therapy. Conclusion: Both treatments have been shown to reduce self-criticism and depression, but compassion-focused therapy has been significantly superior to quality of life therapy. Extended bstract Introduction One of the most important events in life is marriage. Marriage in today's society is mostly for reasons of love, affection, having a partner and meeting emotional and psychological expectations (1). One of the most important factors associated with adaptation and maturity is EGO-development (14, 13). EGO-development is important to become an adult and to be able to function effectively in the family in adulthood (15). EGO-CENTRISM is one of the most important concepts in the field of social relations. (22) Believes that EGO-development is associated with a decrease in EGO-CENTRISM and an increase in self-differentiation, and one moves from dependence to independence from others. Perfect perfection moves,Thus, a person's personality goes from an incoherent organization that cannot distinguish between himself and others and is more self-centered to a cohesive organization that increases the distinction between self and others and decreases self-centeredness. Finally, the person succeeds in their relationships and the necessary social skills of adulthood, which is one of the most important relationships in this period of marital relationships. Another concept related to marital relationships. It is self-differentiation (32). Self-differentiation individuals feel free to experience deep emotions and have the ability to regulate their emotions. Self-differentiation improves social adjustment and improves social relationships, and the relationship between individuals, spouses, family functioning, and marital adjustment is related to the degree of differentiation (34, 35). Given the importance and fundamental role of couple adjustment in maintaining the psycho-social balance of the family and ultimately society, and given the many problems and issues that couples face, the need for planning is felt to solve the problems facing them. Therefore, based on what has been said, the purpose of this study is to design and test a model of EGO-strength relationship and marital compatibility through mediation of EGO-CENTRISM and self-differentiation among couples in Shiraz. Methods The method of this research is descriptive-correlational in which the relationship between variables is investigated through structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population was all couple in Shiraz who were selected by convenience sampling method. The number of sample people was selected based on view (38). He suggests that the number of participants in the research to test the structural equation model is 2. 5 to 7 times the number of items. Therefore, 250 participants (125 females and 125 males) were selected in the present study. SPSS and AMOS software were used to investigate the relationships between Pearson correlation coefficient variables and structural equation model. Findings In the present research model, marital compatibility was considered as an exogenous variable, EGO-CENTRISM variables between EGO-strength and self-differentiation were considered as mediating variables, and EGO-strength was considered as an endogenous variable. Self-differentiation (R = 0. 53) and EGO-strength (r = 0. 46), new imaginary (r =-0. 64), personal fable(r = 0. 35) have a significant correlation. To test the structural modeling assumptions, the results of initial data screening (review of missing data and review of outliers) are first examined. Then, the underlying assumptions of structural equation modeling (normality, linearity and linear alignment) are investigated. The values GFI, IFI, CFI for all three were 0. 99, which indicates a good fit of the model of this research. Shows the path coefficients. The results showed that 40% of the variance of marital compatibility is explained by the preceding variables GFI, IFI, CFI were 0. 84, 0. 88 and / 88, respectively, indicating poor fit of the original model. Which was accepted by correlating the error variances of the modified model. The amount of direct effects of variables in the modified model shows that it is significant at the level of 0. 001. The results showed that self-strength through self-CENTRISM and self-differentiation affect marital compatibility. In other words, for an increase score in elf-strength of 0. 42 units is added to marital compatibility, and this amount is in addition to the direct effect of self-strength on marital compatibility. Also, the indirect effect of strength on marital compatibility through self-differentiation was 0. 29 and self-strength on marital compatibility through self-CENTRISM was 0. 35. Thus, it shows that the role of the self-CENTRISM as a mediating variable of marital compatibility is more than self-differentiation. Discussion The purpose of this study was to model the relationship between self-strength and marital compatibility through its mediation between self-CENTRISM and self-differentiation. Showed that the proposed model had a good fit and predictor and mediator variables have a significant direct and indirect effect on marital compatibility. Findings show that people who are self-centered because they consider themselves the center of everything and this makes them unable to consider other people's views and face many problems in interpersonal relationships. So when there is an EGO-strong in a person, it causes the self-CENTRISM in the person to decrease and people can consider the opinions and desires of others, so they can adapt their different relationships, including marital relationships. The results showed that self-strength has a significant direct positive effect on self-differentiation. Therefore, it can be said that the EGO-stronger a person is, the easier it is for a person to be able to be independent of others, and the independent self also plays an important role in marital compatibility. Therefore, the result of this research is in line with the research of (32) and (35). To explain these results, it can be argued that a man and a woman who have a low level of self-differentiation have a limited capacity for intimacy and oneness when they get married due to less emotional maturity. But strong self-differentiation causes them to have a more flexible role and a more intimate relationship, and to accept each other's differences negatively and experience less emotional reaction (42). Conclusion The findings showed that self-strength is indirectly and meaningfully related to marital compatibility through self-CENTRISM and self-differentiation, so it can be considered that the designed model was modified and accepted with a few changes and in the sum of the variables of the previous variable, i. e. self-strength, can explain 40% of the variance of marital adjustment. Therefore, it is suggested that this model, considering that it attaches great importance to internal and personality-related variables and discusses the role of these factors more, can be independent of other environmental issues and only by emphasizing the enrichment of individual factors. Have a significant role in predicting marital compatibility. Because in many cases it is impossible to change environmental factors, especially in married life, so focusing on individual factors can be more important and significant in the current conditions of society. Therefore, this model can be a good guide for family therapists and Couple therapist in treatment and prevention. Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines All subjects answered the questionnaires with complete satisfaction Funding No funding. Authors' contributions Design and conceptualization: Akram Malekzadeh and Alireza Agha Yusufi Methodology and data analysis: Akram Malekzadeh and Alireza Agha Yusufi Supervision and final writing: Akram Malekzadeh Conflicts of interest The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Background: Mental health is a predictor of life expectancy and one of the indicators life's progress. Aims: The present was carried out in order to investigate the mediating role of EGO strength between EGO development and mental health. Method: current study is an inferential research. To this end, a sample of 112 students who lives in dormitories of Tehran university (55 girls and 57 boys) were selected through multistage cluster sampling. They were asked to complete 3 tests including: Washington University Sentence Completion Test (WuscT, 1981) to measure EGO development, Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ20) to measure mental health, the Strength Questionnaire (ESS, Besharat, 2007). Results: The use of path analysis in Amos application investigating the mentioned mediation, demonstrated That EGO strength has a statistically significant mediating effect on EGO development and mental health. (Affects the intensity and direction of their relationship). Conclusions: Also, there was a positive significant correlation between EGO strength and mental health, while, there was no significant correlation between EGO development and mental health. The higher the level of EGO development and EGO strength of a person is, the higher his/her mental health would be.

The aim of proposing purgatorial perfection of EGO is the possibility and the way of EGO perfection in the purgatory world. In the meantime, the paper takes up for discussion the theory of motion, force and action, and the theory of renewal of likes which respectively relates to philosophy and gnosticism. Two questions on the EGO perfection after death have been answered; 1) Is perfection possible in the purgatory world? 2) Having the hypothesis of accepting the perfection, does it have a disparity with that of the earthly Perfection? Consequently the debate comes to a conclusion that the EGO perfection- after-death is not only possible from the narrative, rational, and intuitive standpoint but also is an established and absolute fact.

The relationship between the human reality and gender has been among the most challenging problems in the past few decades, solving which paves the way to answer many questions related to the women. With the advent of feminist activists to philosophical and theosophical discussions, this question got even more importance. Some people (such as liberal feminists) denied the feminine identity and opted for the equality of genders, while another group of feminists recognized the gender differences. Although this question has not been discussed in the EGOlogistic and humanistic discussions of the theosophists and theologians of Isfahan Theological School, an analysis of their deep discussions on EGOlogism can provide a negative or positive answer to this question. Adopting the descriptive-analytical method and inquiring about the most important EGOlogistic discussions of Mir Damad, Mulla Sadra, Fayz Kashani, and Allameh Majlesi such as the contingency of EGO, the relationship between EGO and body, and the way EGO manages body, this article aims at examining the status of gender in EGO. It finally concludes that in the light of these scholars’ EGOlogistic principles, the “genderedness of EGO” is closer to reality. Moreover, it is found that EGO cannot be free from gender attributes in its contingency, individuation, actualization, and manner of practice in this world.